📌 Why in News?
The National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP) has reported substantial progress in controlling Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis through nationwide vaccination and surveillance. Since its launch in September 2019, 147.16 crore FMD vaccine doses have been administered, benefiting 8.04 crore farmers. FMD outbreaks declined from 132 in 2019 to 40 in 2025.
Syllabus & Relevance
Prelims: Science & Technology — institutions, terminology and factual features connected with the development.
Mains: GS-3 — contemporary application of the relevant syllabus theme.
Current–static link: Revise the underlying institution, policy or concept together with this development.
Why it matters for India
The 8th BRICS Working Group Meeting on Ocean Polar Science and Technology (OPST) was held in Goa from 12–14 August 2026 during India’s BRICS Presidency.
Nodal organisation for India’s **Antarctic Programme **and polar expeditions covering Antarctica, Arctic, Southern Ocean and Himalayas.
Associated with India’s polar research stations: Maitri, Bharati, Himadri, and the Himalayan station Himansh.
Questions may test NCPOR’s ministry, location, former name and functions, or match Indian research stations with their geographical regions.
Static Foundation
FMD outbreaks declined from 132 in 2019 to 40 in 2025.
Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying.
Launched in 2019 to control and eradicate FMD and Brucellosis.
FMD: Highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats and pigs.
Brucellosis: Bacterial disease caused by Brucella abortus in bovines; primarily affects reproduction.
FMD vaccination is undertaken twice annually; Brucellosis vaccination is given once to female bovine calves aged 4–8 months.
The Bharat Pashudhan Portal assigns livestock a unique 12-digit Tag ID, enabling vaccination tracking and traceability.
Data, Reports, Cases & Examples
Since its launch in September 2019, 147.16 crore FMD vaccine doses have been administered, benefiting 8.04 crore farmers.
FMD outbreaks declined from 132 in 2019 to 40 in 2025.
Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying.
Launched in 2019 to control and eradicate FMD and Brucellosis.
FMD vaccination is undertaken twice annually; Brucellosis vaccination is given once to female bovine calves aged 4–8 months.
The Bharat Pashudhan Portal assigns livestock a unique 12-digit Tag ID, enabling vaccination tracking and traceability.
Prelims Quick Facts
The National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP) has reported substantial progress in controlling Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis through nationwide vaccination and surveillance.
Since its launch in September 2019, 147.16 crore FMD vaccine doses have been administered, benefiting 8.04 crore farmers.
FMD outbreaks declined from 132 in 2019 to 40 in 2025.
Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying.
Launched in 2019 to control and eradicate FMD and Brucellosis.
FMD: Highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats and pigs.
Brucellosis: Bacterial disease caused by Brucella abortus in bovines; primarily affects reproduction.
FMD vaccination is undertaken twice annually; Brucellosis vaccination is given once to female bovine calves aged 4–8 months.
Mains-only layer✍️ Open Mains Perspective & Answer FrameworkClick to expand ↓
Mains Perspective
Background and key dimensions
- Launched in 2019 to control and eradicate FMD and Brucellosis.
- FMD: Highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats and pigs.
- Brucellosis: Bacterial disease caused by Brucella abortus in bovines; primarily affects reproduction.
- FMD vaccination is undertaken twice annually; Brucellosis vaccination is given once to female bovine calves aged 4–8 months.
- The Bharat Pashudhan Portal assigns livestock a unique 12-digit Tag ID, enabling vaccination tracking and traceability.
- Over 39 crore livestock have been registered.
- More than 4,019 Mobile Veterinary Units provide doorstep services.
- Possible MCQs may test FMD vs Brucellosis, susceptible animals, vaccination schedules, the nodal ministry and One Health linkage.
- A key static–dynamic connection is livestock health → farmer income → food security → zoonotic disease preparedness.
- Ervebo Vaccine: Recombinant Protection Against Ebola Virus Disease
- The WHO and partners have allocated 70,000 doses of Ervebo to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) amid a severe Ebola outbreak.
- Of these, 20,000 doses are intended for a Phase-3 clinical trial to assess protection against the Bundibugyo virus, while 50,000 doses are intended for frontline and healthcare workers.
Analytical use
- Connect the development with its institutional, policy, economic, social, environmental or security implications only where supported above.
- In a Mains answer, separate the verified development from broader evaluation and use the named evidence precisely.
Way forward
- Base recommendations on the gaps and institutional responsibilities identified in the source-grounded points.
Answer Framework
Introduction
Begin with the immediate development and identify the central institution or policy issue.
Body
- Explain the relevant static concept.
- Present the principal source-backed facts.
- Analyse significance for India and the syllabus theme.
- Discuss supported challenges or implementation gaps.
- Use one named law, report, institution, date or example from the evidence box.
Conclusion
End with a balanced, institutionally feasible way forward without making claims beyond the available evidence.
Possible Mains Question
Examine the significance of “Subject: Agriculture + Science & Technology + Environment”. Discuss its key implications and the way forward.